The Role of Malondialdehyde as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Association with 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbaghdad3141Keywords:
Body Mass Index; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Vitamin D3 DeficiencyAbstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition among females of reproductive age. Malondialdehyde, produced as a byproduct of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation, is commonly used as a reliable biomarker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde can impair several physiological mechanisms of the human body through its ability to react with molecules such as DNA and proteins. On the other hand, Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide problem that impacts around one billion people. Vitamin D is associated with various metabolic and reproductive aspects of PCOS, and it might play a role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome.
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the role of malondialdehyde levels and its correlation with 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Methods This case-control study was done at the infertility centre of Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, by the Department of Biochemistry/College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, during the period from April 2024 to January 2025. One hundred thirty-two women aged (18-40 years) were involved in this study. The participants were categorised into two groups: 66 PCOS patients and 66 women as healthy control. Serum malondialdehyde and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels were measured by competitive Enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay.
Results: The study findings showed significantly higher serum malondialdehyde levels in the patients' group than in the control group. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level for the patients' group was significantly lower than those of the control group, which revealed a significant negative correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (r =- 0.699, P < 0.0001) in the PCOS Group.
Conclusion: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome patients show higher malondialdehyde and lower vitamin D, with a significant negative correlation. Obesity worsens both conditions in these patients.
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