The Role of Ramadan Fasting on Secretory IgA and Statherin Levels in Individuals with Dental Caries

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.6622252

Keywords:

Dental Caries, Fasting, Gingival Index, Plaque Index, Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), Statherin

Abstract

Background: Tooth decay happens when bacteria in the mouth create acid from carbohydrates that can be fermented. Along with factors related to the person (like genetics or oral hygiene habits) and saliva, this process leads to cavities. During Ramadan fasting, when eating habits change, there could be effects on health, particularly on the salivary biomarkers that are important for dental well-being.

Objectives: This  cross-sectional study aimed to detect the activity and concentrations of salivary levels of secretory immunoglobulin A and Statherin during and after Ramadan fasting and to evaluate the association between these biomarkers with dental caries.

Methods: The study comprised 40 individuals, aged 20-25 years, diagnosed with dental caries. Participants were assessed for periodontal parameters using the Plaque Index  and the Gingival Index. Saliva samples were collected during the fourth week of Ramadan fasting and two weeks after Ramadan fasting. The concentrations of both secretory IgA and Statherin were measured in salivary samples using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay .

Results: A significant decrease in the mean concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A was observed during Ramadan fasting (2.14±0.21 ng/L) compared to post-fasting (3.34±0.35 ng/L) (p=0.001). However, there was a non-significant difference (p=0.05) in statherin levels between the fasting state  (2.25±0.18 ng/L) and the post-fasting state (2.85±0.22 ng/L). No statistically significant difference was found concerning both the Plaque Index and the Gingival Index within fasting and post-fasting state.

Conclusion: Low concentration of sIgA and Statherin during Ramadan fasting may indicate altered salivary gland activity or systemic response to fasting, potentially affecting oral health.

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Author Biographies

  • Baraa S. Mohammad, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

    Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

  • Ghada I. Taha, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

    Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

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Dental Caries; Fasting; Gingival Index; Plaque Index; Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA); Statherin

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Published

01.07.2024

How to Cite

1.
Mohammad BS, Taha GI. The Role of Ramadan Fasting on Secretory IgA and Statherin Levels in Individuals with Dental Caries. J Fac Med Baghdad [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Oct. 12];66(2):230-6. Available from: https://iqjmc.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/19JFacMedBaghdad36/article/view/2252

Publication Dates

Received

2023-10-23

Revised

2024-03-31

Accepted

2024-05-01

Published Online First

2024-07-01

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