Variations in the Origin and Contributions of Arteries supplying the Human Hippocampus: An Anatomical Study

Abstract

Background:
Variations in the arterial supply in the human brain are not uncommon. Of particular interest is that of the hippocampus. Knowledge of the vascular anatomy is a key to the
surgical treatment of pathologies in this region.
Objectives:
The aim of the work is a detailed description of the variations and contribution of the anterior choroidal artery and the branches of the posterior cerebral artery to the supply of
the hippocampus and comparing the results with previous studies.
Materials and Methods:
Formalin-fixed brains from 15 adult cadavers (30 hemispheres) were examined using a magnifying lens. The hippocampus is identified, and the arteries that are in the vicinity to
hippocampus were carefully dissected and studied.
Results:
The anterior choroidal artery (AchA), and the lateral posterior choroidal arteries (LPChAs) were present in 100% of the specimens examined. AChA anastomosed with the
anterior branches of LPChA in 31% of specimens. The hippocampal artery, a brunch of the posterior cerebral artery, was present in 82.8% of specimen. The anterior and middle
temporal arteries were present in 80% of hemispheres.
Conclusions:
ACA has the most constant origin, course and distribution. It supplied the rstra1 and middle portions of the hippocampus and in the absence of the hippocampal arterial branches
of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), AchA supplied the major portion of the hippocampus. The branches, mainly from P-2A and P-2P segments, of the PCA supplied the middle and
posterior portions of the hippocampus. Variations in their origin from different segments were noted. The major branches were: the LPChAs, the hippocampal arteu, the anterior and
middle temporal arteries. The common temporal arterydid not contribute to the arterial supply of the hippocampus.